1. Give a very short answer to the following questions.
(a) What is meant by antipode?
➤ Antipode is derived from two Greek words i.e. anti and pode which means the opposite side of foot. The antipodes of any place on the earth is the point on the earth's surface which is diametrically opposite to it.
(b) What is the time difference of antipodes?
➤ 12 hours
(c) What should be done to determine the longitude of antipode?
➤ To determine the longitude of antipodes, the given longitude should be deducted from 180 degree and change the directions that is west to east or vice versa.
(d) Define geographical distance?
➤ The geographical distance is the distance measured along the surface of the earth with the help of the angular distance between two places.
(e) What is the distance in 1 degree latitude?
➤ 111 km
2. Give a short answer to the following questions.
(a) The latitude, longitude and local time of Kathmandu are 27°N, 85°E and 3 p.m. respectively. What will be the latitude, longitude and local time of its antipodal place?
➤ Given,
Latitude of Kathmandu = 27°N
Longitude of Kathmandu = 85°E
Local time of Kathmandu = 3 p.m.
Now,
Antipodal place of Kathmandu is:
Antipodal of Kathmandu's latitude = 27°S
Antipodal of Kathmandu's longitude
= 180°- 85° W
= 95°W
Antipodal of Kathmandu's local time = 3 a.m.
(b) Find the approximate distance from Madras (13°N) and Allahabad (25°N); both of them lie in the same line of longitude.
➤ Given,
Latitude of Madras = 13°N
Latitude of Allahabad = 25°N
Distance = ?
Now,
Distance = latitudinal difference between two places
= 25° - 13°
= 12°
We have, 1°=111km
∴ 12°= 12×111 km
= 1,332 km
∴ The approximate distance from Madras and Allahabad is 1332 km.
(c) Buenos Aires, the capital city of Argentina lies at 35°S and Georgetown, a city of the Guyana, lies at 7°30'N. What will be the approximate distance between those cities?
➤ Given,
Latitude of Buenos Aires = 35°S
Latitude of Georgetown = 7°30'N
Distance = ?
Now,
Sum of two latitudinal places:
= (35°+7°) 30'
= 42°30'
Then, we have:
[1°=60'=111km]
Distance = (42×111)+(30/60×111)
= 4662+55.5
= 4,717.5 km
∴ The approximate distance between Buenos Aires and Georgetown is 4717.5 km
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